大理大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 35-41.DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2026. 04. 006

• 临床医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

大冶地区378例成人血流感染致病菌分布及耐药性分析

尚方建,周利平,张桂花,肖 方,张茂海,朱中华*   

  1. (大冶市人民医院检验科,湖北大冶 435100)
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-21 修回日期:2025-09-29 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 朱中华,副主任技师,E-mail:zhuzhonghua1997@163.com。
  • 作者简介:尚方建,主管技师,主要从事病毒感染与免疫研究。

Distribution and Drug Resistance Analysis of Pathogens Causing Bloodstream Infections in 378 Adult#br# Patients in the Daye Area

Shang Fangjian, Zhou Liping, Zhang Guihua, Xiao Fang, Zhang Maohai, Zhu Zhonghua*   

  1. (Department of Clinical Laboratory, Daye People's Hospital, Daye, Hubei 435100, China)
  • Received:2025-04-21 Revised:2025-09-29 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-05-19

摘要: 目的:分析大冶地区血流感染致病菌的分布特征及耐药情况,为临床诊疗和经验性抗菌药物应用提供参考依据。
方法:回顾性分析大冶市人民医院2022年9月至2024年9月成人血流感染患者的临床资料,对致病菌的分布和耐药情况
进行统计分析。结果:检出率居前5 位的致病菌依次为大肠埃希菌(占32.54%)、人葡萄球菌(占12.70%)、肺炎克雷伯菌
(占9.26%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(占6.08%)和表皮葡萄球菌(占5.03%)。致病菌分布与性别、合并基础疾病数量及部分科室
相关(P<0.05)。耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌与耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率分别为65.77%和30.43%,二者对
万古霉素、利奈唑胺均敏感;大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类及替加环素完全敏感,对复方新诺明耐药率高达71.43%,产超广谱
β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌检出率为44.72%;肺炎克雷伯菌对米诺环素完全敏感。结论:葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌为大冶地区
血流感染主要致病菌。临床应结合该地区致病菌分布及耐药特点,优化病原学检测策略与经验性抗感染方案,以降低感
染发生率与多重耐药菌产生风险。

关键词: 血培养, 血流感染, 耐药性, 多重耐药

Abstract: Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens causing bloodstream infections in
the Daye area, and to provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and empirical antimicrobial therapy. Methods: A retro⁃
spective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of adult patients with bloodstream infections in Daye People's Hospital from Sep⁃
tember 2022 to September 2024. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were statistically analyzed. Results: The top five
pathogens with the highest detection rates were Escherichia coli (accounting for 32.54%), Staphylococcus hominis (accounting for
12.70%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (accounting for 9.26%), Staphylococcus aureus (accounting for 6.08%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis
(accounting for 5.03%) in sequence. Pathogen distribution was significantly associated with sex, type of underlying disease, and some
clinical departments (P < 0.05). The detection rates of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci and methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus were 65.77% and 30.43%, respectively. Both strains were completely susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid.
Escherichia coli isolates were completely susceptible to carbapenems and tigecycline, with a high resistance rate of 71.43% to
sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The detection rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli was 44.72%. Klebsiella pneu⁃
moniae isolates showed complete susceptiblility to minocycline. Conclusion: Staphylococcus species and E. coli are the primary patho⁃
gens causing bloodstream infections in the Daye area. Clinically, the pathogen detection strategy and empirical anti-infection regimens
should be optimized in combination with the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogens in the local area to reduce the
incidence of infection and the risk of multi-drug resistant bacteria.

Key words: blood culture, bloodstream infection, drug resistance, multi-drug resistance

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